> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.solvice.io/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Hospitality Scheduling

> Schedule restaurant staff across kitchen, floor, and bar with skill mixing and shift patterns

## Overview

This example demonstrates restaurant scheduling where diverse staff roles must be coordinated across kitchen, floor, and bar positions. The solution balances skill requirements, prevents fatigue-inducing shift sequences, and ensures fair distribution of premium shifts.

<Info>
  This example showcases multi-skill employees, role-based shift requirements, pattern prohibitions for work-life balance, and tip-shift fairness.
</Info>

## Business Scenario

A restaurant manages:

* 20 employees across kitchen, floor, and bar roles
* Split shifts for lunch and dinner service
* Multi-skilled staff who can work multiple positions
* Premium evening/weekend shifts with fair distribution
* No close-then-open (clopening) sequences
* Minimum rest between late nights and early mornings

## Quick Example

A minimal hospitality request with multi-skilled staff and split shifts:

```json theme={null}
{
  "employees": [
    { "name": "Chef-Marco", "skills": [{ "name": "kitchen", "level": 5 }], "wage": 28 },
    { "name": "Server-James", "skills": [{ "name": "floor", "level": 5 }, { "name": "bar", "level": 3 }], "wage": 12 }
  ],
  "shifts": [
    { "name": "mon-lunch-kitchen", "from": "2024-04-01T10:00:00", "to": "2024-04-01T15:00:00", "skills": [{ "name": "kitchen" }], "min": 2 },
    { "name": "mon-dinner-floor", "from": "2024-04-01T17:00:00", "to": "2024-04-01T23:00:00", "skills": [{ "name": "floor" }], "min": 3 }
  ],
  "patterns": [
    { "type": "MULTI_DAY", "satisfy": "PROHIBITED", "elements": [{ "type": "ON", "tags": ["EVENING"] }, { "type": "ON", "tags": ["MORNING"] }] }
  ]
}
```

## Complete Implementation

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Full Request">
    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "employees": [
        {
          "name": "Chef-Marco",
          "skills": [
            { "name": "kitchen", "level": 5 },
            { "name": "head-chef", "level": 5 },
            { "name": "prep", "level": 4 }
          ],
          "availability": ["2024-04-01T00:00:00/2024-04-07T23:59:59"],
          "wage": 28
        },
        {
          "name": "Cook-Lisa",
          "skills": [
            { "name": "kitchen", "level": 4 },
            { "name": "prep", "level": 5 },
            { "name": "pastry", "level": 3 }
          ],
          "availability": ["2024-04-01T00:00:00/2024-04-07T23:59:59"],
          "wage": 20
        },
        {
          "name": "Server-James",
          "skills": [
            { "name": "floor", "level": 5 },
            { "name": "bar", "level": 3 },
            { "name": "sommelier", "level": 2 }
          ],
          "availability": ["2024-04-01T00:00:00/2024-04-07T23:59:59"],
          "preference": ["fri-dinner-floor", "sat-dinner-floor"],
          "wage": 12
        },
        {
          "name": "Server-Emma",
          "skills": [{ "name": "floor", "level": 4 }, { "name": "host", "level": 5 }],
          "availability": [
            "2024-04-01T10:00:00/2024-04-01T22:00:00",
            "2024-04-02T10:00:00/2024-04-02T22:00:00",
            "2024-04-03T10:00:00/2024-04-03T22:00:00",
            "2024-04-04T10:00:00/2024-04-04T22:00:00",
            "2024-04-05T16:00:00/2024-04-05T24:00:00",
            "2024-04-06T16:00:00/2024-04-06T24:00:00"
          ],
          "wage": 12
        },
        {
          "name": "Bartender-Mike",
          "skills": [
            { "name": "bar", "level": 5 },
            { "name": "floor", "level": 2 },
            { "name": "mixology", "level": 5 }
          ],
          "availability": ["2024-04-01T00:00:00/2024-04-07T23:59:59"],
          "preference": ["fri-bar", "sat-bar"],
          "wage": 15
        },
        {
          "name": "Flex-Alex",
          "skills": [
            { "name": "kitchen", "level": 2 },
            { "name": "floor", "level": 3 },
            { "name": "bar", "level": 2 },
            { "name": "host", "level": 3 }
          ],
          "availability": ["2024-04-01T00:00:00/2024-04-07T23:59:59"],
          "wage": 14
        }
      ],
      "shifts": [
        { "name": "mon-lunch-kitchen", "from": "2024-04-01T10:00:00", "to": "2024-04-01T15:00:00", "skills": [{ "name": "kitchen" }], "min": 2, "max": 3, "tags": [{ "name": "LUNCH" }, { "name": "KITCHEN" }], "priority": 2 },
        { "name": "mon-dinner-kitchen", "from": "2024-04-01T17:00:00", "to": "2024-04-01T23:00:00", "skills": [{ "name": "kitchen" }], "min": 3, "max": 4, "tags": [{ "name": "DINNER" }, { "name": "KITCHEN" }], "priority": 1 },
        { "name": "mon-lunch-floor", "from": "2024-04-01T11:00:00", "to": "2024-04-01T15:00:00", "skills": [{ "name": "floor" }], "min": 2, "max": 3, "tags": [{ "name": "LUNCH" }, { "name": "FLOOR" }], "priority": 2 },
        { "name": "mon-dinner-floor", "from": "2024-04-01T17:00:00", "to": "2024-04-01T23:00:00", "skills": [{ "name": "floor" }], "min": 4, "max": 5, "tags": [{ "name": "DINNER" }, { "name": "FLOOR" }], "priority": 1 },
        { "name": "mon-bar", "from": "2024-04-01T17:00:00", "to": "2024-04-01T24:00:00", "skills": [{ "name": "bar" }], "min": 1, "max": 2, "tags": [{ "name": "EVENING" }, { "name": "BAR" }], "priority": 1 },
        { "name": "fri-dinner-floor", "from": "2024-04-05T17:00:00", "to": "2024-04-06T00:00:00", "skills": [{ "name": "floor" }], "min": 5, "max": 6, "tags": [{ "name": "DINNER" }, { "name": "FLOOR" }, { "name": "PREMIUM" }], "priority": 1 },
        { "name": "fri-bar", "from": "2024-04-05T18:00:00", "to": "2024-04-06T01:00:00", "skills": [{ "name": "bar" }], "min": 2, "max": 3, "tags": [{ "name": "EVENING" }, { "name": "BAR" }, { "name": "PREMIUM" }], "priority": 1 },
        { "name": "sat-dinner-floor", "from": "2024-04-06T17:00:00", "to": "2024-04-07T00:00:00", "skills": [{ "name": "floor" }], "min": 6, "max": 7, "tags": [{ "name": "DINNER" }, { "name": "FLOOR" }, { "name": "PREMIUM" }], "priority": 1 },
        { "name": "sat-bar", "from": "2024-04-06T18:00:00", "to": "2024-04-07T01:00:00", "skills": [{ "name": "bar" }], "min": 2, "max": 3, "tags": [{ "name": "EVENING" }, { "name": "BAR" }, { "name": "PREMIUM" }], "priority": 1 },
        { "name": "sat-lunch-prep", "from": "2024-04-06T08:00:00", "to": "2024-04-06T12:00:00", "skills": [{ "name": "prep" }], "min": 1, "max": 2, "tags": [{ "name": "MORNING" }, { "name": "PREP" }], "priority": 2 }
      ],
      "rules": [
        { "constraint": "COUNTER", "type": "HOURS_WORKED", "max": 45, "period": { "duration": "P7D" } },
        { "constraint": "SEQUENCE", "type": "WORKING_DAYS", "max": 6 },
        { "constraint": "COUNTER", "type": "WORKING_SHIFT_TYPE", "shifts": ["PREMIUM"], "min": 1, "max": 3, "period": { "duration": "P7D" } }
      ],
      "rests": [{ "tags": ["EVENING"], "sequence": "AFTER", "min": "PT10H" }],
      "patterns": [
        { "type": "MULTI_DAY", "satisfy": "PROHIBITED", "elements": [{ "type": "ON", "tags": ["EVENING"] }, { "type": "ON", "tags": ["MORNING"] }], "weight": 100 },
        { "type": "SINGLE_DAY", "satisfy": "PREFERRED", "elements": [{ "type": "ON", "tags": ["LUNCH"] }, { "type": "OFF" }, { "type": "ON", "tags": ["DINNER"] }], "weight": 10 }
      ],
      "requirements": [
        { "shifts": ["mon-dinner-kitchen", "fri-dinner-kitchen", "sat-dinner-kitchen"], "skill": "head-chef", "value": 1 },
        { "shifts": ["fri-dinner-floor", "sat-dinner-floor"], "skill": "host", "value": 1 }
      ],
      "fairnessBuckets": [
        { "employees": ["Server-James", "Server-Emma", "Flex-Alex"], "shifts": ["fri-dinner-floor", "sat-dinner-floor", "fri-bar", "sat-bar"], "period": { "from": "2024-04-01", "to": "2024-04-30" }, "target": "PT20H" }
      ],
      "options": { "hardAvailability": true, "hardSkill": true },
      "weights": { "skills": "100hard", "minRest": "50hard", "pref": "15medium", "wages": "2soft" }
    }
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Full Solution">
    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "id": "restaurant-schedule-001",
      "status": "SOLVED",
      "score": { "hardScore": 0, "mediumScore": -1, "softScore": -650, "feasible": true },
      "assignments": [
        { "shift": "mon-lunch-kitchen", "employee": "Chef-Marco" },
        { "shift": "mon-lunch-kitchen", "employee": "Cook-Lisa" },
        { "shift": "mon-dinner-kitchen", "employee": "Chef-Marco" },
        { "shift": "mon-dinner-kitchen", "employee": "Cook-Lisa" },
        { "shift": "mon-dinner-kitchen", "employee": "Flex-Alex" },
        { "shift": "mon-lunch-floor", "employee": "Server-James" },
        { "shift": "mon-lunch-floor", "employee": "Server-Emma" },
        { "shift": "mon-dinner-floor", "employee": "Server-James" },
        { "shift": "mon-dinner-floor", "employee": "Server-Emma" },
        { "shift": "mon-bar", "employee": "Bartender-Mike" },
        { "shift": "fri-dinner-floor", "employee": "Server-James" },
        { "shift": "fri-bar", "employee": "Bartender-Mike" },
        { "shift": "sat-dinner-floor", "employee": "Server-Emma" },
        { "shift": "sat-dinner-floor", "employee": "Flex-Alex" },
        { "shift": "sat-bar", "employee": "Bartender-Mike" },
        { "shift": "sat-lunch-prep", "employee": "Cook-Lisa" }
      ],
      "unassigned": [],
      "violations": [
        { "name": "Shift Preference", "value": 1, "level": "MEDIUM" },
        { "name": "Wage Costs", "value": 650, "level": "SOFT" }
      ]
    }
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Solution Analysis">
    The solution addresses key hospitality scheduling challenges:

    1. **Role Coverage**: Head chef present for all dinner services
    2. **No Clopening**: Evening→morning pattern prohibited
    3. **Premium Fair Distribution**: Weekend shifts distributed across servers
    4. **Multi-Skill Usage**: Flex-Alex assigned based on need (kitchen or floor)
    5. **Split Shift Support**: Same employees can work lunch and dinner with break

    <Check>
      All service periods covered with appropriate skill levels while respecting rest requirements.
    </Check>
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## Key Hospitality Features

### Multi-Skill Employees

Leverage cross-trained staff:

```json theme={null}
{
  "employees": [{
    "name": "Flex-Worker",
    "skills": [
      { "name": "kitchen", "level": 2 },
      { "name": "floor", "level": 3 },
      { "name": "bar", "level": 2 }
    ]
  }]
}
```

### Clopening Prevention

Prohibit close-then-open sequences:

```json theme={null}
{
  "patterns": [
    {
      "type": "MULTI_DAY",
      "satisfy": "PROHIBITED",
      "elements": [
        { "type": "ON", "tags": ["EVENING"] },
        { "type": "ON", "tags": ["MORNING"] }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
```

<Warning>
  "Clopening" (closing then opening) shifts are a major cause of employee burnout. Always prohibit these patterns.
</Warning>

### Premium Shift Limits

Ensure fair access to high-tip shifts:

```json theme={null}
{
  "rules": [
    {
      "constraint": "COUNTER",
      "type": "WORKING_SHIFT_TYPE",
      "shifts": ["PREMIUM"],
      "min": 1,
      "max": 3,
      "period": { "duration": "P7D" }
    }
  ]
}
```

### Role Requirements by Service

Ensure key roles during busy periods:

```json theme={null}
{
  "requirements": [
    {
      "shifts": ["fri-dinner", "sat-dinner"],
      "skill": "head-chef",
      "value": 1
    },
    {
      "shifts": ["fri-dinner-floor", "sat-dinner-floor"],
      "skill": "host",
      "value": 1
    }
  ]
}
```

## Common Hospitality Patterns

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Split shift with break">
    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "shifts": [
        {
          "name": "lunch-service",
          "from": "11:00",
          "to": "15:00",
          "tags": [{ "name": "LUNCH" }]
        },
        {
          "name": "dinner-service",
          "from": "17:00",
          "to": "23:00",
          "tags": [{ "name": "DINNER" }]
        }
      ],
      "patterns": [{
        "type": "SINGLE_DAY",
        "satisfy": "PREFERRED",
        "elements": [
          { "type": "ON", "tags": ["LUNCH"] },
          { "type": "OFF" },
          { "type": "ON", "tags": ["DINNER"] }
        ]
      }]
    }
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Event staffing surge">
    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "shifts": [{
        "name": "private-event",
        "from": "2024-04-15T18:00:00",
        "to": "2024-04-16T02:00:00",
        "skills": [{ "name": "floor" }],
        "min": 8,
        "max": 10,
        "tags": [{ "name": "EVENT" }, { "name": "PREMIUM" }],
        "cost": 200
      }]
    }
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Kitchen brigade hierarchy">
    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "requirements": [
        { "shifts": ["dinner-kitchen"], "skill": "head-chef", "value": 1 },
        { "shifts": ["dinner-kitchen"], "skill": "sous-chef", "value": 1 },
        { "shifts": ["dinner-kitchen"], "skill": "line-cook", "value": 2 }
      ]
    }
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Bar certification requirements">
    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "shifts": [{
        "name": "bar-shift",
        "skills": [
          { "name": "bar" },
          { "name": "alcohol-license" }
        ]
      }],
      "options": { "hardSkill": true }
    }
    ```
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## Hospitality-Specific Constraints

### Late Night Rest

Enforce rest after late closes:

```json theme={null}
{
  "rests": [
    {
      "tags": ["LATE"],
      "sequence": "AFTER",
      "min": "PT11H"
    }
  ]
}
```

### Weekend Rotation

Ensure staff get some weekends off:

```json theme={null}
{
  "rules": [
    {
      "constraint": "COUNTER",
      "type": "WEEKENDS_IDLE",
      "min": 1,
      "period": { "from": "2024-04-01", "to": "2024-04-30" }
    }
  ],
  "options": {
    "idleWeekend": {
      "fromDayOfWeek": "FRIDAY",
      "fromTime": "17:00:00",
      "toDayOfWeek": "SUNDAY",
      "toTime": "23:59:00"
    }
  }
}
```

### Tip Pool Fairness

Balance access to high-earning shifts:

```json theme={null}
{
  "fairnessBuckets": [
    {
      "employees": ["Server-1", "Server-2", "Server-3", "Server-4"],
      "shifts": ["fri-dinner", "sat-dinner", "sun-brunch"],
      "period": { "from": "2024-04-01", "to": "2024-04-30" },
      "target": "PT24H"
    }
  ]
}
```

## Related Examples

<CardGroup cols={2}>
  <Card title="Shift Patterns" icon="calendar-days" href="/guides/fill/examples/pattern">
    Prevent undesirable shift sequences
  </Card>

  <Card title="Rest Requirements" icon="bed" href="/guides/fill/examples/rest">
    Configure rest periods between shifts
  </Card>

  <Card title="Fairness Buckets" icon="balance-scale" href="/guides/fill/examples/fairness">
    Balance premium shifts fairly
  </Card>

  <Card title="Weekend Definition" icon="calendar-week" href="/guides/fill/examples/weekend">
    Configure weekend boundaries
  </Card>
</CardGroup>